LARRYN SMERLING | DS 224 | FALL 2020
TERRACOTTA
Source & Production
Terracotta is a specific type of clay that is is formed by mixing water with the raw material. The application of terracotta often is made in cast molding (either pressed in plaster or sandstone molds). The cast pieces are then fired in a kiln at around 1,800 degrees Fahrenheit. The classic burnt orange hue of the material is created from the iron composite within the clay mixture. The earthenware material can be found in countries worldwide (most famously used in China and Italy).
Characteristics
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DURABLE
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HARD/ BRITTLE
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RED/ORANGE/ BROWN HUES
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HEAT RESISTANT
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EXPENSIVE SHIPPING/ INSTALLATION
Product Application
Terracotta is used in interiors and exteriors. In interior spaces, the most common application is in flooring because of the characteristics of tile. But seen in the photo below, terracotta tiles can be used as wall/ ceiling tiles. Other applications of terracotta are furniture decorative pieces and fixtures.
Maintenance
Requirements
Terracotta is used in interiors and exteriors. In interior spaces, the most common application is in flooring because of the characteristics of tile. But seen in the photo below, terracotta tiles can be used as wall/ ceiling tiles. Other applications of terracotta are furniture decorative pieces and fixtures.
The Interior application of terracotta is relatively simple. While exterior terracotta tiles often need to be replaced and maintained frequently. Interior tiles that have been glazed need sweeping/dusting work for frequent cleaning (addition cleaning can be done with a mild soap and water combination).
Environmental Impact
Terracotta is an abundant natural material; if appropriately maintained, the material will have a long life-span. While terracotta is a considerably sustainable material, the kiln firing process requires a substantial amount of energy. Once created, however, there are no impacts on indoor air quality.
Young Projects
Organizations
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Ceramic Tile Association
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The American Ceramic Society
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The Tile Council of North America
Standards
ASTM international
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ASTM C212-20 Standard Specification for structural Clay facing Tile
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ASTM C499-20 standard Test method for Facial dimensions and thickness of flat, rectangular ceramic floor tile
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ASTM C1027-99 standard test method for determining visible abrasion resistance of glazed ceramic
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ASTM C485-16 standard test method for measuring warpage of ceramic tile
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ASTM C482-20 standard test method for bond strength of ceramic tile to Portland cement paste
University of Hong Kong's
3D-printed pavilion
2017
