GLAZEDCERAMICS
spencer fitzgerald - ds 224 - fall 2020
Glazed ceramic is a popular material for a variety of interior and exterior spaces, typically in the form of tiles. Ceramic tiles are made mostly of clay but contain water, sand, and other minerals. These materials are ground into a body slip and then baked in a kiln into a bisque. After this, a glaze is applied to the tile. Glazes can have different finishes (matte, high gloss, etc.) and pigments are used to alter its color. The tile is then fired in a kiln again to finish the process.
For the application of tiles onto a wall or floor, an adhesive, typically thin-set mortar or mastic. For best results, the adhesive should be applied to a clear, smooth, dry surface. It's recommended that before installation a basic layout is created and tiles are cut accordingly. When installing, spacers are used so joints are consistent. Finally, after all tiles are placed and allowed about a day to set, grout is used to fill the joints and then sealed to finish the process.
glazed ceramic vases can act as great decor
glazed ceramic tile flooring
In terms of maintenance, glazed ceramic is easy to maintain because of its largely impenetrable glaze. Tiles can be cleaned with water or a pH neutral liquid cleanser and then rinsed and wiped dry to prevent a film from forming. Routine grout cleaning can be done with a daily concentrated household or commercial cleaner while professional grade cleaners and grout stains can be used for heavy-duty cleaning and discoloration.
Ceramic is considered to be a sustainable material. Ceramic materials (clay, sand, minerals) are sourced directly from the earth and contain no toxic materials. Glazes, however, can contain harmful chemicals, although a variety of non-toxic glazes are available. While the materials are generally eco-friendly, the firing process can require a substantial amount of energy, often derived from fossil fuels. However, there are ways to better manage and distribute the heat.
ASTM D5343 for ceramic tile cleansers
ASTM C648 for ceramic tile baking strength
ASTM C499 for ceramic tile dimensions
ASTM C484 for glazed ceramic tile thermal shock resistance
International Academy of Ceramics
National Tile Contractors Association
a variety of glazed ceramic tiles from tilebar